Source: Science and Technology Daily
The most special thing about Web3.0 is that the digital content, ownership and control rights created by users belong to users, and the value created by users can be allocated by signing agreements with others at their own choice.
——Li Keqiu Professor of Intelligent Computing Department of Tianjin University
◎ Our reporter Chen Xi
Recently, with the rise of the metauniverse, Web3.0 has again become the focus of attention of major manufacturers. Yao Qian, Director of the Bureau of Science and Technology Supervision of China Securities Regulatory Commission, published the article "Web3.0 is a new generation of Internet that is gradually evolving", pointing out that the Internet is at an important point in the evolution from Web2.0 to Web3.0. Strengthening the forward-looking research and strategic prediction of Web3.0 is of great significance to the future construction of Internet infrastructure in China.
Web3.0 respects the "individual value" of users
Web3.0 is aimed at Web1.0 and Web2.0, representing different stages of Internet development. In fact, Web1.0 is the first generation of the Internet. At this time, the Internet is mainly network media. Users visit websites and browse digital content, but they can only read and not write, and have no way to participate in content creation.
"People need to interact and communicate with others, while Web1.0 is static, so Web2.0 was born, that is, the interactive Internet, whose main applications are social networks and e-commerce." Li Keqiu, professor of the Department of Intelligent Computing at Tianjin University, said that the role of the network platform is to provide an infrastructure, and most of the data content is created by users, Such as Taobao, WeChat, etc.
Web 2.0 allows people to create all kinds of content freely. However, when creating and operating these contents, people must rely on a certain platform or media. Although the platform only provides one channel, all transaction records, chat records, etc. belong to the platform, and the actual creators of these contents cannot enjoy the relevant rights and interests.
"At this time, someone will think that the ownership of my transaction and chat data should only belong to me, and why can the platform also own it?" Li Keqiu said that in 2014, Gavin Wood, the co-founder of Ethereum and the founder of Polka Dot, publicly proposed the concept of Web3.0 for the first time. "The most special thing about Web3.0 is that the digital content, ownership and control rights created by users belong to users, and the value created by users can be distributed by signing agreements with others at their own choice," Li Keqiu said.
In this case, digital content is not only simple data, but also the digital assets of its users, which should be guaranteed at the asset level. This is Web3.0, an automated and intelligent new Internet world.
Li Keqiu believes that Web3.0 will definitely replace Web2.0. The Internet is user centered. With the development of technology and the Internet environment, the next generation of the Internet is bound to break the situation that Internet giants "kidnap" users.
New technology helps Web3.0 open and decentralized
Although the concept of Web3.0 has been put forward as early as 2014, Web3.0 has always been in a tepid state due to the lack of a sufficiently specific and well-known application scenario.
In 2022, with the full outbreak of new technologies and new formats such as digital currency, non homogenous tokens, and the metauniverse, more and more people will begin to participate in the discussion of decentralization, virtual identity, and cryptocurrency, which also ignites the enthusiasm of the scientific and technological community and the investment community for Web3.0. Of course, the popularity of Web3.0 is also inseparable from the subversive changes brought to public life by the development and improvement of blockchain, artificial intelligence, virtual reality and other technologies; At the same time, the birth of the meta universe has promoted the integration of various technologies. Web3.0 or the meta universe is an important support to realize its open and decentralized characteristics.
"Some people say that 'Metauniverse+Web3.0' is the future. Facebook Renamed Meta tencent Put forward the true Internet... The layout of these Internet giants for the metauniverse has also increased the discussion of Web3.0. " Li Keqiu said.
The core idea of Web3.0 is to return the ownership of data to users, allow users to control data autonomously, and realize data interoperability on the premise of ensuring security. Therefore, when we talk about the Web3.0 architecture, we usually refer to the decentralized applications (DApps) it represents.
Web 2.0 architecture consists of front-end, back-end, database and other components. Similarly, Web3.0 architecture can be similarly divided into front-end, back-end and database. The difference is that DApps front-end architecture mainly focuses on communication with smart contracts (decentralized programs), and back-end logic is realized through smart contracts, and then deployed to shared state machines (i.e. blockchain networks), without the need for centralized databases or web servers, Instead, blockchain can be used to distribute applications between computer networks.
In addition to the new architecture, there are still some practical problems that need to be overcome in order to realize the wide application of Web3.0.
"In terms of serving users, we can compare Web3.0 to a customized AI assistant that can understand users' needs, and it needs a lot of personal data and user habits as support." Li Keqiu introduced that in order to protect users' ownership of data, Web3.0 needs to rely on data encryption to interact with the blockchain, This is bound to have higher requirements for the computing and storage capabilities of browser clients. "However, with the continuous upgrading of computing, storage technology and hardware facilities, this problem should be effectively solved.".
In addition, data supervision is also a problem that cannot be ignored.
Any information technology is not 100% secure, and the loss of decentralized systems when attacked is often more difficult to recover. Bitcoin and Ethereum systems have suffered serious attacks, with accumulated economic losses of hundreds of millions. Therefore, only when the Internet industry becomes more and more mature and the information technology becomes more and more perfect can the security of data be guaranteed.
When every user can produce and control content by himself, we have to face the problem of spreading and receiving illegal content and online rumors. However, if excessive supervision is carried out on this point to ensure the security and reliability of network information, it will deviate from the essence of Web3.0. Therefore, how to find a suitable balance point will test the relevant regulatory authorities and industry leading enterprises.
Therefore, Li Keqiu believes that, from the perspective of practical application, we still need to further plan relevant laws and regulations to deal with various problems that the decentralized world may face.
Web3.0 faces more than technical challenges
Although there is a feeling that the trend of Web3.0 is coming from the current discussion, there are still different opinions about when Web3.0 will actually be launched. Some people say that the era of Web3.0 has arrived, while others say that it will take 5 or 10 years.
"We can see that both Web2.0 and Web3.0 have been upgraded iteratively based on the user centered concept, but they have finally taken on different forms due to the constraints and impacts of technological development and business models." Li Keqiu believes that the conflict of interest between Internet users and Internet enterprises is growing, The development of blockchain technology has brought technological hope for effectively resolving such conflicts. At present, many Internet enterprises have begun to explore and apply related technologies of Web3.0. With the continuous deepening and improvement of applications, we may unknowingly enter the era of Web3.0. At that time, we can really define when Web3.0 is realized by summarizing the most significant signs of Web3.0.
But at present, Web3.0 still faces many difficulties, not only in technology, but also affected by many commercial factors.
At present, the large-scale application of blockchain technology is still in the embryonic stage. With the popularization of blockchain technology, the existing business model and benefit distribution rules will be greatly impacted, and the monopoly of Internet giants on user data will be broken, so that enterprises and organizations that could not grasp these data before can also participate in relevant technological innovation, So as to promote the development of overall technology.
This will gradually erode the advantages of Internet giants in business models, and put forward higher requirements for their own technological innovation; It will also bring many opportunities to some scientific and technological enterprises with smaller scale, and promote the cultivation and development of "specialized, special and new" enterprises.
Although the current Web3.0 is still a long way from the daily life of Internet users, the beauty that Web3.0 can bring TAL The security and convenience brought to Internet users are indeed worth looking forward to.
